Well, that has certainly been a very interesting (ongoing) exercise.
I did a bit of Googling and ended up buying one of these:
https://www.temtop.co.uk/products/m10i
According to those articles (and obviously the research behind the majority of them), the most dangerous elements of wood smoke are PM2.5 particles (measured in ug/m3). The important thresholds are 12ug/m3 and 35ug/m3. Levels below 12ug/m3 are considered safe whilst 12-35ug/m3 are considered ‘moderate’. Anything above 35 can be considered unsafe. Levels about 250 are ‘hazardous’.
We have 2 log burners in our house, both burning kiln dried or seasoned hardwood. Once is a modern, closed log burner whilst the other is an older, open door ‘Franklin style’ burner. The ambient PM2.5 levels in our house are 1-2ug/m3.
I tried out the detector on the modern, closed log burner with the detector placed about 2m away from the burner whilst I lit it and got it up to operating temperature. Once it was lit, I probably opened the door 3 or 4 times to feed it. Throughout this time, the detector read 2-3ug/m3. Even when the door was opened, there was no discernible spike in the PM2.5 levels.
With the open fire, this also showed similar levels of about 2-3ug/m3 until about 20 mins after lighting. The level then spiked up to 25ug/m3 where it stayed for a few minutes. Then, over the next 20 minutes or so, (whilst I was still feeding the fire as normal), the level steadily decreased to 10ug/m3.
So, although I have only had the monitor a couple of weeks and it is obviously a very small sample size so far, my experience does not correlate with those newspaper articles at all. Especially not the frankly sensationalist Grauniad ones. I will continue to use the monitor and report back if it starts showing a different pattern.
(Interestingly, when the fire(s) aren’t lit, the monitor tends to live in the kitchen where it charges. Whilst cooking supper, the PM2.5 levels are normally constantly above 30ug/m3. One night, with something cooking on the hob, it spiked up to 240ug/m3 but my personal record so far is cooking a couple of steaks on the griddle: 950ug/m3!!! I await with bated breath the swathe of Grauniad articles about how dangerous cooking is for our health).